Observe justice in retribution (Qisas)
Verse: 2:178-179
Arabic Text
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِصَاصُ فِي الْقَتْلَى الْحُرُّ بِالْحُرِّ وَالْعَبْدُ بِالْعَبْدِ وَالْأُنثَى بِالْأُنثَى ۚ فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَأَدَاءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ ۗ ذَٰلِكَ تَصْرِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ ۗ فَمَنِ اعْتَدَىٰ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
Translation
O you who have believed, prescribed for you is legal retribution for those murdered—the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. But whoever overlooks from his brother anything, then there should be reasonable follow-up and payment to him with good conduct. And this is a saving of life for you, people of understanding, that you may become righteous.
Description
In Islam, if someone unjustly kills another, they should face a just penalty, but forgiveness and kindness can lead to better outcomes.
Detailed Explanation
These verses from the Quran introduce the concept of Qisas, or legal retribution, as a just guideline for serious crimes like murder. This rule is given to ensure justice in cases of wrongdoing while also providing an opportunity for forgiveness and mercy. The idea is to protect life and promote righteousness in society by making sure that wrongful acts have consequences, but also allowing room for compassion and understanding between people.
According to Tafsir Ibn Kathir, the concept of Qisas was revealed to prevent further violence and promote fair justice. In the past, tribal revenge could lead to endless cycles of violence. Islam, through these teachings, brings a balanced approach. If the family of the victim chooses to forgive the perpetrator, then it should be done with respect and a form of compensation is advised. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) has emphasized mercy and justice, and these teachings promote peace by deterring crime and encouraging reconciliation.
By understanding these principles, you learn that justice in Islam is not only about punishment but also about restoring balance, maintaining harmony, and achieving peace within the community. It reminds Muslims that while justice is important, forgiveness can be a powerful way to foster love and understanding among people, ultimately saving lives and nurturing a compassionate society.